民初政体模式失效的宪政文化反思

• 作 者: 王小飞
• 机 构: 湖南科技大学期刊社 湖南湘潭411201
• 出 处: 时代法学
• 发表日期: 2007年05期
• 关键词: 辛亥革命 政体模式 宪政文化

辛亥革命以革命的方式取缔了封建专制制度的合法地位,制定了资产阶级性质的宪法,设计了资产阶级的政体模式,是中国历史上制度文明的一次飞跃。然而资产阶级的政体模式并没有因为其历史进步性而获得实践的合法性,民初的政体模式以失效而告终。失效的深层原因在于宪政文化没有根基。清末民初广大民众的宪政文化是缺失的,而资产阶级革命派的宪政文化总体上是异化的,这使得资产阶级政体模式因缺乏宪政文化基础而不能成功。

The Revolution of 1911 banned the legal status of the feudal autocratic system, formulated the bourgeois constitution and designed the bourgeois political model. This is a leap forward in the institutional civilization in Chinese history. However, the bourgeois mode of government did not gain the legitimacy of practice because of its historical progress, and the pattern of the polity in the early years of the nation ended in failure. The underlying cause of failure is that constitutionalism has no foundation. The constitutional culture of the general public from the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China was absent, while the constitutional culture of the bourgeois revolutionaries was alienated in general, which made the bourgeois government model unsuccessful due to the lack of constitutional and cultural foundation.