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通过热力学计算,得出红土镍矿被C还原的化学反应自由能和各还原反应临界温度,表明真空可有效降低化学反应自由能,确定了碳热还原氧化镁制取金属镁的反应温度为1200~1350℃,同时存在氧化镁的硅热还原反应。对实验反应剩余物的元素含量计算分析表明,镁元素成功脱除,脱除率达到99.96%;Ni元素几乎全部回收,直收率达99.67%;绝大部分的Fe、Si也得到了回收,直收率分别为83.98%以及85.35%。冷凝物主要为金属镁,元素质量比达到95.59%,由于冷凝区发生逆反应Mg(g)+CO(g)=MgO(s)+C(s),得到的冷凝物经检测含有少量氧化镁。
Through thermodynamic calculation, the free energy of chemical reaction and the critical temperature of each reduction reaction of laterite nickel ore are obtained, which shows that vacuum can effectively reduce the free energy of chemical reaction, and the reaction temperature of obtaining magnesium metal from carbothermal reduction magnesium oxide is 1200 ~ 1350 ℃, while the existence of magnesium silicate thermal reduction reaction. Calculation and analysis of the elemental contents of the experimental reaction residues showed that the removal rate of magnesium was 99.96%, Ni was almost completely recovered and the direct yield reached 99.67%. Most of Fe and Si were also recovered, The direct yield was 83.98% and 85.35% respectively. The condensate is mainly composed of metallic magnesium, and the elemental mass ratio reaches 95.59%. Since the reverse reaction Mg (g) + CO (g) = MgO (s) + C (s) occurs in the condensation zone, the condensate obtained contains a small amount of magnesium oxide.