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[目的]了解南阳市城区初中学生早餐状况,为开展中学生合理膳食健康教育提供科学依据。[方法]2011年5月,在南阳市城区抽取5所不同层次的初中学校,采用整群抽样方法,随机抽取一、二、三年级学生1 627名进行调查。[结果]调查1 627人,每天吃早餐的占63.86%,不能保证每天吃早餐的占33.87%,不吃早餐的占2.27%。每天吃早餐学生所占比例,一年级为71.35%,二年级为63.38%,三年级为56.31%(P<0.01);男生为66.31%,女生为61.20%(P<0.05);认为早餐非常重要者为71.62%,认为无所谓者为45.17%,认为早餐不重要者为4.44%(P<0.01)。不能保证每天吃早餐的588人中,不吃早餐的原因,时间不够的占38.27%,没有食欲的占35.71%,家长不够重视的占16.33%,控制体重的占9.69%。吃早餐的1 590人中,早餐营养充足的占5.72%,营养较好的占16.98%,营养质量差的占77.30%。上午课间有饥饿感者所占比例,每天吃早餐者为36.19%,不吃早餐者为66.50%(P<0.01)。[结论]南阳市城区初中学生不吃早餐现象严重,吃早餐者早餐质量差者占较大比例。
[Objective] To understand the breakfast status of junior high school students in Nanyang City and provide a scientific basis for carrying out reasonable dietary health education among middle school students. [Method] In May 2011, 5 different levels of junior high schools were sampled in the urban area of Nanyang City. A total of 1 627 students of Grade One, Grade Two and Grade Three were randomly selected by cluster sampling method. [Results] A total of 1 627 people were surveyed, 63.86% of them ate breakfast each day, 33.87% did not guarantee their daily breakfast, and 2.27% did not eat breakfast. The proportion of students who ate breakfast daily was 71.35% in the first grade, 63.38% in the second grade and 56.31% in the third grade (P <0.01), 66.31% for boys and 61.20% for girls (P <0.05). Breakfast was considered as very important Who were 71.62%, 45.17% who thought they did not care, and 4.44% who thought that breakfast was not important (P <0.01). Can not guarantee the daily breakfast of 588 people, do not eat breakfast, not enough time accounted for 38.27%, 35.71% without appetite, parents pay less attention to 16.33%, control weight 9.69%. Of the 1 590 people who ate breakfast, breakfast nutrition accounted for 5.72%, nutrition better accounted for 16.98%, poor nutrition accounted for 77.30%. The percentage of hungry students in the morning classes was 36.19% for those who ate breakfast and 66.50% for those who ate breakfast (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The junior high school students in Nanyang City did not eat breakfast seriously, and breakfast poor people had a large proportion of poor quality breakfast.