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目的建立适合研究癫痫发病机制的功能区慢性癫痫模型,并分析其病理特点。方法家猫24只,随机分成两组,实验组皮层注射8%灭菌氢氧化铝悬浊液;对照组皮层注射等量的生理盐水,进行行为学检测,并于致痫后2周、4周、8周、16周及32周行皮层脑电图检测。结果实验组于致痫后4周左右开始出现棘波和棘慢波放电,6~8周出现右后下肢的抖动、阵挛及强直,有的随后出现四肢抽动及全身阵挛,达到Racine分级的Ⅴ级;病理显示致痫灶中心可见氢氧化铝晶体,神经元细胞出现不同程度变性、坏死,周围灰质内胶质细胞增生和坏死的神经元细胞被胶质细胞包围吞噬。结论猫功能区氢氧化铝慢性癫痫模型是成功的、更精确的模拟人类癫痫的慢性模型,致痫灶异常的胶质细胞增生及神经元的变性坏死导致新传导通路形成是其病理基础。
Objective To establish a functional epilepsy model of epilepsy that is suitable for studying the pathogenesis of epilepsy and analyze its pathological features. Methods Twenty-four domestic cats were randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was injected with 8% sterilized aluminum hydroxide suspension in the cortex. The control group was injected with the same amount of saline as normal saline, Weeks, 8 weeks, 16 weeks and 32 weeks cortical EEG detection. Results In the experimental group, spikes and spikes and waves of slow waves began to appear at about 4 weeks after epileptic seizure. Jitter, clonus and ankylosis of the right posterior limb appeared in 6 to 8 weeks, and some subsequently developed limb twitching and generalized clonus, reaching Racine grading Grade Ⅴ. Pathology showed that the crystal of aluminum hydroxide could be seen in the center of epileptogenic focus. The neurons appeared degeneration and necrosis in varying degrees. Neuronal cells proliferated and necrotic in glial cells were surrounded by glial cells. Conclusion The chronic aluminum hydroxide epilepsy model in cat functional area is a successful and more accurate chronic model of human epilepsy. The abnormal glial cell proliferation and the degeneration and necrosis of neurons lead to the formation of new conduction pathways.