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[目的]研究大鼠异体坐骨神经段经雷公藤多甙(雷公藤提取物)预处理后异体移植的形态学变化。[方法]设实验组A组:异体坐骨神经段经雷公藤预处理后异体移植,B组:新鲜异体神经移植,术后口服雷公藤多甙5mg/(kg.d)5周,C组:自体右侧坐骨神经原位移植,D组:将供体直接移植于坐骨神经缺损模型。术后分时间段对移植神经片段进行形态学研究。[结果]术后2周,A、B组移植神经段早期急性排斥反应稍重于C组,但小于D组;至8周时A、B组移植段的炎性细胞浸润程度明显减轻,与C组相似,而D组炎性细胞浸润明显;术后14周时A、B、C3组移植神经段外膜构成完整,束膜、内膜厚度,分布及范围无明显差异,再生大量神经纤维,髓鞘完整,排列规则,再生有髓神经神经纤维的面积,总数和髓鞘厚度差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),而D组基本未见神经纤维再生。[结论]异体神经段经雷公藤多甙预处理后可降低免疫排斥反应,促进周围神经再生。
[Objective] To study the morphological changes of allogeneic allotransplantation of rat sciatic nerve after pretreatment with Tripterygium wilfordii extract. [Method] The experimental group A was established: Allogeneic sciatic nerve segment was pretreated by Tripterygium wilfordii. Allograft was performed in group B: Allogeneic nerve graft was transplanted. After oral administration of tripterygium glycosides 5mg / (kg.d) for 5 weeks, group C: The right side of the sciatic nerve transplantation in situ, D: donor directly transplanted in the sciatic nerve defect model. Transplantation of nerve segments after morphological study. [Results] At 2 weeks after operation, the early acute rejection in group A and B was slightly heavier than that in group C, but the degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in group A and B was significantly reduced at 8 weeks Group D, inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious. At 14 weeks after operation, the adventitia of A, B and C groups had complete outer membrane formation, there was no significant difference in the thickness, distribution and range of bundle, intima, regeneration of a large number of nerve fibers, Myelin integrity, arrangement rules, regenerated myelinated nerve fibers area, total number and thickness of myelin was no significant difference (P> 0.05), while the group D basically no nerve fiber regeneration. [Conclusion] The allogeneic nerve segment pretreatment with tripterygium wilfordii polyglycoside can reduce the immune rejection and promote peripheral nerve regeneration.