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为保障电梯运行安全,提高电梯风险评价精度,从电梯事故发生可能性和事故后果严重程度2方面出发,在统计、分析运行故障原因的基础上,提出以设计、制造、安装、维保、改造/重大维修、使用、管理、检验等电梯全寿命周期内的8个环节为主要指标,建立风险评价影响因素体系及电梯系统风险评价模型。采用基于故障率修正的模糊综合评价方法评估电梯系统风险,并建立相应的风险评价等级划分准则。运用风险评价方法对广州某大厦电梯进行实例计算。结果表明,故障率修正系数的引入有利于实现电梯系统风险动态评价,采取加强维保、使用、管理环节以及应急处理等措施能够明显降低电梯运行风险。
In order to ensure the safety of elevators and improve the accuracy of risk assessment of elevators, based on the statistical analysis and analysis of the causes of operational failures, the author puts forward the design, manufacture, installation, maintenance and modification / Major maintenance, use, management, inspection and other elevators throughout the life cycle of the eight main indicators, the establishment of risk assessment system and risk factors of elevator risk assessment model. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on the failure rate correction is used to evaluate the risk of elevator system and the corresponding criterion of risk assessment grade is established. Applying the method of risk evaluation to calculate the elevator of a building in Guangzhou. The results show that the introduction of failure rate correction coefficient is conducive to the dynamic assessment of elevator system risk and the risk of elevator operation can be significantly reduced by adopting such measures as strengthening maintenance, using, management and emergency treatment.