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目的探讨重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)患者心脏结构的改变及左心室收缩及舒张功能的影响。方法对经多导睡眠图监测确诊的87例重度OSAHS患者及30例正常对照组采用多普勒超声检测仪对心脏结构,左心室舒张功能,左心室收缩功能等指标进行比较。结果OSAHS组与正常对照组比较室间隔厚度,左室后壁厚度,左室质量及质量指数等主要反映心脏结构的超声指标比较差异均有统计学意义。组织多普勒显像室间隔舒张早期峰值运动速度/舒张晚期峰值运动速度(Em/Am)、二尖瓣环Em/Am及左室后壁EmOSAHS组与正常对照组之间比较差异有统计学意义。室间隔、二尖瓣环及左室后壁收缩期峰值运动速度在OSAHS组与正常对照组之间比较差异有统计学意义。结论重度OSAHS患者心脏结构发生明显的改变,呈向心性肥厚;同时左室舒张功能及收缩功能也存在明显的减退。
Objective To investigate the changes of cardiac structure and the effects of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Eighty-seven patients with severe OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography and 30 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Doppler ultrasound was used to compare cardiac function, left ventricular diastolic function and left ventricular systolic function. Results Compared with the normal control group, the OSAHS group showed significant differences in the ultrasonographic parameters of heart structure, such as interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular posterior wall thickness, left ventricular mass and mass index. Tissue Doppler imaging at early diastolic peak velocity / diastolic peak velocity (Em / Am), mitral annulus Em / Am and left ventricular posterior wall EmOSAHS group compared with the normal control group were statistically significant significance. Septal, mitral annulus and left ventricular posterior wall peak systolic peak velocity in the OSAHS group and the normal control group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The cardiac structure of patients with severe OSAHS changes obviously, with concentric hypertrophy. At the same time, there is a significant decrease of left ventricular diastolic function and systolic function.