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中国水电发展深受城市化的影响,因此水电移民问题应该放在城市化的大背景下来审视和解决,将沿海发达地区和主要大城市作为水电移民永久安置的主体之一。无论从水电移民产生地的生态条件和经济社会发展水平(即“推”的方面),还是沿海城市对劳动力的需要(即“拉”的方面),都存在着将水电移民彻底城市化安置的必要条件。通过龙滩水库的实例,给出一个政策组合和一个极端状态下的财务估算,说明移民问题彻底城市化解决的充分条件也是成立的,并在此基础上进一步讨论了非农安置的方式、户口准入、移民就业培训和多次安置选择等问题。
The development of hydropower in China is deeply influenced by urbanization. Therefore, the issue of hydropower migration should be examined and solved in the context of urbanization. The developed coastal areas and major metropolitan areas should be regarded as one of the main bodies for the permanent resettlement of hydropower immigrants. Regardless of the ecological conditions and level of economic and social development (ie, “push”) where hydropower occurs, or the need of labor in coastal cities (ie, “pull” aspects), there is a need to completely hydropower immigrants Urbanization resettlement necessary conditions. Through the example of Longtan Reservoir, a policy combination and an extreme state financial estimate are given, which shows that the sufficient conditions for the thorough urbanization of the resettlement problem are also established. On this basis, the non-agricultural resettlement mode is further discussed. Access, immigrant employment training and multiple resettlement options.