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目的:探讨天然东北红豆杉中紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱2种物质的分布特点及变化规律。方法:利用超声辅助提取不同样品中的紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱,利用HPLC对2种物质含量进行检测。结果:当年生和二年生枝中,紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量在树冠阳面略高于阴面,在叶中,紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量分布无明显规律。不同组织中,紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱的含量的依次为:干皮>枝>叶>假种皮,枝中紫杉醇含量约为干皮中的25%,当年生枝叶中紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量与胸径相关性很弱,而生长时期的变化则引起紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量产生较大的变化,休眠期显著高于花期和果期。结论:天然东北红豆杉枝中紫杉醇和三尖杉宁碱含量受到多种条件的影响,与人工种植的东北红豆杉相比,枝叶中紫杉醇含量无显著差别,说明通过人工种植和优树的选育来获得高紫杉醇产量的植株是可行的。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution characteristics and changes of two substances in paclitaxel and cephalomannine in Taxus cuspidata. Methods: Paclitaxel and cephalomannine were extracted from different samples by ultrasound, and the contents of two substances were detected by HPLC. Results: The contents of paclitaxel and cephalomannine in the annual and biennial branches were slightly higher than that in the canopy of the canopy. There was no obvious regularity in the content distribution of paclitaxel and cephalomannine in the leaves. In different tissues, the contents of paclitaxel and cephalomannine were as follows: dried bark> branches> leaves> aril. The content of paclitaxel in the branches was about 25% of that in the dried bark. When paclitaxel and Cephalotaxus The correlation between the content of naringin and the diameter at breast height was very weak. However, the change of growth time caused the changes of paclitaxel and cephalomannine content to be larger, and the dormancy period was significantly higher than that of flowering and fruiting phases. Conclusion: The contents of paclitaxel and cephalomannine in Taxus cuspidata were influenced by many conditions. Compared with the planted Taxus cuspidata, there was no significant difference in the content of paclitaxel in the branches and leaves, which indicated that by artificial cultivation and tree selection It is feasible to obtain plants with high paclitaxel yields.