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贸易保护主义和贸易自由主义是国际贸易理论体系中最具代表性的观点类别.本文从国家利益角度系统梳理了各个时代国际贸易理论关于“保护”和“自由”的相关论述,得出三个基本结论:首先,不论贸易保护和贸易自由,都不能给世界带来共赢;其次,贸易保护和贸易自由都是不同主权国家维护自己经济利益的说辞,二者没有规范的是非判断标准;最后,贸易保护和贸易自由都具有阶段性和历史性特征。
Trade protectionism and trade liberalism are the most representative types of viewpoints in the international trade theory system. This article systematically reviews the relevant arguments of international trade theory on “protection” and “freedom” from the perspective of national interests. Three basic conclusions are drawn: First, regardless of trade protection and trade freedom, the world cannot bring about a win-win situation. Secondly, trade protection and trade freedom are the rhetoric of different sovereign states defending their economic interests. There is no normative right or wrong. Judgment standards; Finally, trade protection and trade freedom have a phased and historic character.