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房屋建筑是人类社会生活的重要内容之一。从穴居山洞到盖起摩天大楼,人类在房屋建筑史上经历了一个极为漫长而内容又极为丰富的过程。这一过程既与生产力相关,又与生产关系乃至整个社会关系相关,因此,房屋建筑的研究有着十分重要的意义。这一点,在原始社会史的研究上显得尤为突出。对此,摩尔根曾正确指出:“住宅本身与家族形态和家庭生活方式有关,它对人类社会进至文明社会的过程提供了一副相当全面的写照。”①山东位于黄河下游,是中华民族文化的重要发样地之一,近几年来,新石器时代的考古发现甚为丰富,
Housing construction is an important part of human social life. From the burrowing cave to the skyscraper, mankind has undergone an extremely long and rich content process in the history of building construction. The process is not only related to productivity but also to the relations of production and even the whole social relations. Therefore, the study of building construction is of great significance. This point, in the study of the original social history is particularly prominent. In response, Morgan pointed out correctly: “The dwelling itself is related to family forms and family lifestyles and provides a fairly comprehensive portrayal of the process by which human society has entered a civilized society.” 1 Shandong is located in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and is One of the most important sites for the development of Chinese culture, in recent years, archaeological discoveries in the Neolithic Age were very rich.