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目的研究医院骨科手术患者切口部位感染的特点,并采取相应预防措施,降低感染发生率。方法采用回顾性分析方法,对某医院骨科手术患者手术部位感染率、病原菌特点及相关因素进行分析。结果共调查该医院骨科手术患者2 821例,共发生手术部位感染34例,感染率1.21%。清洁切口、清洁-污染切口和污染切口的感染率依次分别为0.98%、1.80%和4.55%。差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从感染部位送检标本中检出病原菌32株,主要致病菌为凝固酶阴性球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌。手术持续时间、手术植入物、实施手术的季节等因素影响骨科手术切口感染的发生。结论骨科手术部位感染病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,骨科手术切口感染与切口类型、手术持续时间、植入物的使用、手术季节具有相关性。应采取集束化的干预措施,控制感染率。
Objective To study the characteristics of infection at incision site of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery in hospitals and to take corresponding preventive measures to reduce the incidence of infection. Methods The retrospective analysis method was used to analyze the surgical site infection rate, pathogenic bacteria characteristics and related factors in a hospital orthopedic surgery patients. Results A total of 2 821 patients underwent orthopedic surgery in the hospital. A total of 34 cases of surgical site infections were found, with an infection rate of 1.21%. The rates of cleaning incision, cleaning incision and incision incision were 0.98%, 1.80% and 4.55% respectively. The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Pathogens were detected from the infected parts of 32 specimens were detected, the main pathogens coagulase-negative cocci, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Surgical duration, surgical implants, the implementation of the surgical season and other factors affect the incidence of incision infection. Conclusion Gram-positive bacteria are the main pathogens in orthopedic surgery. The infection of orthopedic incision was related to the type of incision, the duration of operation, the use of implants and the surgical season. Aggregate interventions should be taken to control infection rates.