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[实验目的]验证牛顿第二定律,即物体质量一定时,加速度与作用力成正比;作用力一定时,物体的加速度与质量成反比.[实验原理]1.保持研究对象即小车的质量不变,改变砂桶内砂的质量,即改变牵引力测出小车的对应加速度,用图象法验证加速度是否正比于作用力.2.保持砂桶内砂的质量不变,改变研究对象的质量,即住小车内加砝码,用电磁打点计时器测出小车的对应加速度,用图象法验证加速度是否反比于质量.[实验器材]附有定滑轮的长木板;薄木垫;小车;细线;小桶及砂;打点计时器;低压交流电源;导线;天平(带一套砝码);砝码;毫米刻度尺;纸带及复写纸等.
[Experimental purpose] Validate Newton’s second law, that is, when the mass of an object is constant, the acceleration is proportional to the force; when the force is constant, the acceleration of the object is inversely proportional to the mass. [Experimental principle] 1. To maintain the quality of the research object, that is, the car is not Change, change the quality of the sand in the sand bucket, change the traction force to measure the corresponding acceleration of the trolley, use the image method to verify whether the acceleration is proportional to the force. 2. To maintain the quality of sand in the sand bucket, change the quality of the research object, Immediately add the weight of the car, use the electromagnetic timer to measure the corresponding acceleration of the car, use the image method to verify whether the acceleration is inversely proportional to the quality. [Experimental equipment] is attached to a long board with fixed pulley; thin wood mat; trolley; thin line Small buckets and sand; timer; low voltage AC power; wire; balance (with a set of weights); weights; millimeter scale; tape and carbon paper.