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包容性增长是确保所有人公平享有社会机会的一种经济增长方式。基于社会机会函数,采用机会曲线、机会指数和机会公平指数,分别从省级和市级层面测度中国沿海11省市2000—2014年的财政、教育、医疗、就业和生态机会,并给各项机会赋权得出包容性指数,结果显示:从机会的包容性来看,沿海地区财政机会在市域及省域之间均有较大差距;教育机会减少的同时教育机会包容性呈现逐渐低水平化趋势;医疗机会增长较快,具有良好的包容性趋势;就业机会相对稳定;生态机会趋于平等。从机会的地区性来看,沿海地区包容性指数整体水平在提高,江苏省呈全面均衡的包容性状态,但沿海地区整体而言未实现包容性增长。最后文章对政府如何实现沿海地区的包容性增长及反贫困提出了相关政策建议。
Inclusive growth is an economic growth mode that ensures fair social opportunities for all. Based on the social opportunity function, the opportunity, the opportunity index and the fairness of opportunity index were used to measure the financial, educational, medical, employment and ecological opportunities of the 11 provinces and municipalities in China’s coastal areas from 2000 to 2014 respectively from the provincial and municipal levels. The results show that: from the perspective of the inclusiveness of opportunities, there is a wide gap between the financial opportunities in the coastal areas in the municipalities and provincial areas; while the opportunities for education decrease and the inclusiveness of educational opportunities gradually declines The trend of medical treatment is growing rapidly, the tendency of inclusiveness is good, the employment opportunities are relatively stable, and the ecological opportunities tend to be equal. In terms of the regionalization of opportunities, the overall level of inclusiveness index of coastal areas is increasing while that of Jiangsu Province is in an all-inclusive and balanced inclusive state, but the inclusive coastal areas as a whole have not achieved inclusive growth. Finally, the article put forward relevant policy recommendations on how the government can achieve inclusive growth in the coastal areas and combat poverty.