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新技术飞跃的发展,向各种金属及其制品提出越来越高的要求。现代极其需要这样的金属材料,它們在2000—3000℃以上仍很坚固并且在接近絕对零度的低温下也不变脆;而作为結构和仪器零件的材料,則应当重量极輕、特別坚固、不溶于酸、对腐蝕性气体介质稳定、能传递声音、弹性好、容易磁化和去磁、能导热而且真空密封性也好。具体一点来說,在无綫电技术和电子学中需要的材料是些具有特殊物理性貭的材料:导体和超导体,高度絕緣体,使电流仅在某一方向上流过的材料,它能在光和热的作用下加強电流,能把热能轉变为电能,能儲存相当多的紅外
The rapid development of new technologies, to a variety of metals and their products put forward higher and higher requirements. Modern demand for such metals is extremely high, they remain strong above 2000-3000 ° C and do not become brittle at low temperatures close to absolute zero, and materials for structural and instrumental parts should be extremely lightweight, particularly strong, Do not dissolve in acid, corrosive gas medium stability, can transmit sound, good elasticity, easy magnetization and demagnetization, thermal conductivity and vacuum tightness. More specifically, the materials needed in radio technology and electronics are materials with special physical properties: conductors and superconductors, highly insulators, materials that allow current to flow in only one direction, Under the action of light and heat to strengthen the current, can heat into electrical energy, can store a considerable amount of infrared