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在小学数学教学中,很多时候是利用感性材料来帮助学生抽象、概括出数和形的概念。怎样提供给学生进行抽象和概括的感性材料呢?我们认为应根据教学目的、教材内容和学生的认识规律,选用恰当的方法。其中“变式”是我们常用的一种。“变式”是心理学上的词语,其含义是变换感性材料出现的形式。在教学中,体现数和形的概念、性质,规律等除包含其具有的本质属性外,还附上另一些非本质属性。由于小学生知识少,经验少,他们常常把重复感知的事物特点也当作本质属性。为了避免或克服这种现象,教师在提供感性材料
In primary school mathematics teaching, often use the perceptual material to help students abstract, summed up the number and shape of the concept. How to provide students with abstract and general sensory material? We think that should be based on the purpose of teaching, teaching materials and students' understanding of the law, choose the appropriate method. One “variant” is one of our commonly used. “Variant” is a psychological term, the meaning of which is to transform the appearance of perceptual material. In teaching, the concept, nature and law of number and shape are included in addition to the essential attributes they possess, as well as other non-essential attributes. Due to their lack of knowledge and experience, pupils often regard the characteristics of repetitive perceptions as essential attributes. In order to avoid or overcome this phenomenon, teachers are providing sensuous materials