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目的分析上海市长宁区2006年预防接种不良反应,评价疫苗的安全性,为建立规范化预防接种安全监测体系提供依据。方法通过预防接种不良反应监测系统收集数据,将不良反应分为一般反应、异常反应,进行描述性分析。结果上海市长宁区2006年开展了19种疫苗126459人次的接种,报告12种疫苗预防接种后不良反应178例,其中一般反应166例,异常反应12例。一般反应以低热和轻微局部反应为主要临床表现。百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗的不良反应发生率居首位,加强免疫引起的不良反应发生率显著高于基础免疫。结论建立和完善规范化的预防接种不良反应监测系统,可提高不良反应报告的敏感性和利用率。加强预防接种规范化操作,准确掌握禁忌证,选用免疫效果好、且安全性高的疫苗,以减少预防接种不良反应的发生。
Objective To analyze the adverse reactions of vaccination in Changning District, Shanghai in 2006 and evaluate the safety of vaccines, so as to provide the basis for establishing a standardized vaccination safety monitoring system. Methods Data were collected by the surveillance system for adverse reactions of vaccination. Adverse reactions were divided into general reactions and abnormal reactions, and descriptive analysis was conducted. Results In 2006, Changning District of Shanghai conducted a total of 126,459 vaccinations against 19 vaccines. Of the 178 vaccinated vaccinations reported, there were 178 adverse reactions, of which 166 were normal and 12 were abnormal. The general response to low fever and slight local reactions as the main clinical manifestations. Pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus combined vaccine adverse reaction rate of the first place, to strengthen the incidence of adverse reactions caused by immunization was significantly higher than the basic immunization. Conclusion Establishing and perfecting standardized monitoring system for adverse reactions of vaccination can improve the sensitivity and utilization rate of adverse reaction reports. Strengthen the standardized operation of vaccination, accurately grasp the contraindications, the selection of vaccines with good immunization, and high safety, in order to reduce the occurrence of adverse effects of vaccination.