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目的:调查北京部分地区献血人群血液检测结果,分析献血人群不同项目阳性率和变化趋势,为保障血液安全提供依据。方法:回顾性调查北京地区阳区、通州区、顺义区、大兴区、平谷区2011-2015年无偿献血者血液检测结果,HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV、抗-TP采用酶联免疫试验两遍检测,同时对HBV、HCV、HIV进行核酸检测,ALT采用速率法进行检测。结果:北京地区2011-2015年献血人群血液检测总不合格率为2.85%,不同项目不合格率由高到低依次为:HCV(0.92%)>ALT(0.76%)>抗-TP(0.53%)>抗-HIV(0.35%)>HBsAg(0.30%)。本地区从2013年7月份开始进行核酸检测,核酸联测阳性率0.14%。ELISA检测灰区结果与方法设置有一定关联,2011-2015年本地区灰区结果为0.71%。在献血人群HIV筛查中,2011-2015年阳性率为0.35%,送检至北京市CDC进行HIV确认,确认阳性率为0.04%,5年阳性变化差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),经CDC反馈HIV不确定结果为0.05%。结论:本地区献血人群血液阳性结果处于较低水平,采用核酸检测后血液质量进一步提高,应进一步改进血液检测策略设计和研究,保障临床血液安全。
Objective: To investigate the blood test results of blood donors in some areas of Beijing, analyze the positive rate and trend of different projects in blood donors, and provide the basis for ensuring blood safety. Methods: The blood test results of unpaid blood donors in Yanggu District, Tongzhou District, Shunyi District, Daxing District and Pinggu District from 2011 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The results of ELISA, HBsAg, anti-HCV, anti-HIV and anti- Detection twice, at the same time for HBV, HCV, HIV nucleic acid testing, ALT rate test. Results: The total blood test failed rate was 2.85% in blood donors in Beijing during 2011-2015. The highest and lowest non-compliance rates were HCV (0.92%)> ALT (0.76%)> anti-TP (0.53% )> Anti-HIV (0.35%)> HBsAg (0.30%). Nucleic acid test was conducted in this area from July 2013, and the positive rate of nucleic acid detection was 0.14%. The results of gray zone detection by ELISA were related to the method settings. The gray zone results in 2011-2015 were 0.71%. In the HIV screening of blood donors, the positive rate was 0.35% in 2011-2015, and the positive rate was confirmed to be 0.04% by HIV testing in Beijing CDC. There was no significant difference in 5 years of positive changes (P> 0.05) The CDC has reported an uncertainty of 0.05% for HIV. Conclusion: The results of blood positive in blood donors in this region are at a low level. The quality of blood is further improved after nucleic acid test. The design and study of blood test strategies should be further improved to ensure the clinical blood safety.