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目的了解临安14岁以下儿童少年法定传染病发病的主要特征,为制定科学的防控措施提供依据。方法运用Excel2007和Epi Info软件对《中国疾病预防控制信息系统》中报告的临安市儿童发病数据进行整理和统计,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2010-2014年临安市0~14岁儿童报告法定传染病共计4 222例,发病率为1 196.23/10万,且呈逐年上升趋势,死亡1例,发病以肠道传染病为主,占94.97%。男童发病率高于女童,以散居儿童和低年龄组儿童为主,随年龄增加发病数逐渐减少。发病集中在10-12月,占发病总数的48.22%。结论肠道和呼吸道传染病的预防控制工作是临安市控制传染病流行,保护儿童少年身体健康的关键环节,应根据流行特点针对性地制定相应的预防控制措施。
Objective To understand the main features of the incidence of notifiable infectious diseases among children and adolescents under the age of 14 in Lin’an and provide the basis for making scientific prevention and control measures. Methods Excel2007 and Epi Info software were used to collate and count data on the incidence of children reported in “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System” in Lin’an City. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data. Results From 2010 to 2014, children aged 0-14 years reported a total of 4 222 cases of notifiable infectious diseases in Lin’an City, with a prevalence of 1,196.23 / 100 000, which showed an upward trend year by year and 1 case of death. The main infectious diseases were intestinal infectious diseases, accounting for 94.97%. The prevalence rate of boys is higher than that of girls, with scattered children and children in the lower age group, and the incidence gradually decreases with age. The incidence concentrated in the 10-12 months, accounting for 48.22% of the total incidence. Conclusion Prevention and control of intestinal and respiratory infectious diseases is the key link in the epidemic prevention and control of epidemics and protection of the health of children and adolescents in Lin’an City. Corresponding prevention and control measures should be formulated according to epidemic characteristics.