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扩大内需是促进国民经济稳定和可持续发展的需要,也是提升人民生活水平、全面建成小康社会的重要举措。然而,由于中国人均收入水平低、贫困人口多、消费萎靡,严重影响了政府出台的一系列刺激经济发展的政策效果,影响了内需的扩大。“绝对性”贫困、“增长性”贫困、“能力性”贫困三个方面均对扩大内需产生影响:“低收入型”绝对贫困消费能力差,“收入差距型”增长性贫困消费倾向低,“住房、医疗型”能力性贫困消费结构扭曲。应该在努力缩小社会贫困差距的前提下,从提升居民消费能力、改善居民消费倾向、优化社会消费结构等方面,实现扩大内需的目标。
Expanding domestic demand is the need to promote the stable and sustainable development of the national economy and is also an important measure for improving people’s living standard and building an overall well-to-do society. However, due to the low level of per capita income, the large population of the poor and the sluggish consumption in China, it has seriously affected the effectiveness of the government’s policies to stimulate economic development and affected the expansion of domestic demand. “Low income ” Poor Poor Poor Poor Poor “Income gap Type ”growth propensity to consume low propensity, “ housing, medical ”ability to impoverish consumption structure distortion. Under the premise of striving to narrow the gap between social poverty, we should achieve the goal of expanding domestic demand in terms of upgrading residents ’spending power, improving residents’ propensity to consume and optimizing social consumption structure.