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日本是世界上有数的灾害多发国家之一,因此以灾害对策基本法为基础正不断从多方面探索防灾的对策。地震,由于它的突发性、大范围性,加上城市结构的脆弱性,往往会酿成复合性灾害。减轻地震荒害需依靠提高各种设施的抗震、抗灾能力,防止火灾蔓延,以及使居民顺利地避难。其中尤其是避难对策,可以说应称之为大范围规模的保危(Fail—SaJe)。目前被指定作为避难场所的多是利用公园、教育设施、住宅区等现有设施,但从保证地震火
Japan is one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world. Therefore, disaster prevention measures are constantly being explored in many ways based on the Basic Law for Disaster Countermeasures. Earthquakes, due to its suddenness, wide range, and the fragility of the urban structure, often lead to compound disasters. Mitigation of earthquake disasters depends on improving the earthquake resistance and resilience of various facilities, preventing the spread of fire, and enabling residents to take refuge safely. Among them, measures for evacuation, in particular, can be said to be called “Fail-SaJe” on a large scale. Most of the sites currently designated as shelters are the use of existing facilities such as parks, educational facilities, and residential areas, but from the guarantee of earthquake fires.