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一、引言在史学研究领域里,历史人物的评价往往随时代变迁而有不同的侧重点,因而产生分歧的看法。推而广之,将各时期人物作同项比对,从而概括某种面貌特性,更容易陷于机械的归纳,忽略了历史流动下的人为变量。本文讨论的武后和韦后,紧接于太宗贞观、高宗永徽治世,却从李氏皇权中革命更替,被喻为唐代女主专政的典范。观史书上,每以武、韦政治来总观此一时代的面貌,并列举武后和韦后各种施政,作为延绵数十年的女祸根由~([1])。武、韦为巩固权力,二人政治相类的手法颇多,例如宠用亲族子弟、善用宫人和内廷术士、编织皇帝受命征兆、打击在朝反对势力,凡此均反映其人威权所在~([2])。然而若寻索史料,当发现唐人对武、韦的评价有别,对于前者尤采宽宥态
I. Introduction In the field of historiography, the evaluation of historical figures tends to have different emphases due to the changes of the times, resulting in different opinions. By extension, the characters in different periods are compared in the same way to summarize certain facial features, which are more likely to be trapped in mechanical induction and neglecting human variables under the historical flow. This article discusses the post-Wei and Wei, followed by Taizong Zhenguan, Emperor Yongzong rule, but from the imperial throne in the revolutionary change, has been hailed as the Tang Dynasty model of women’s dictatorship. On the history books, each Wu and Wei politics summed up the outlook of this era and enumerated the various policies of the post-Empire and Wei dynasties as the root cause of the dilapidation of tens of decades. [1] For example, petting relatives and children, making good use of the palace people and the inner court warlocks, knitting the emperor to sign the signs and cracking down the opposition forces in the DPRK, all of which reflect the authoritative authority of the two ~ ([2]). However, if the search for historical data, when the discovery of the Tang Dynasty, Wei’s evaluation is different, especially for the former leniency