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1 引论我国的国际集装箱运输起步于七十年代。1998年全国集装箱港口吞吐量达1300万TEU,较1981年增长了近130倍。这些运量有10％-15％可经铁路实现集疏运,但是,1989年经铁路完成的运量仅占3.9％,到了1998年又降至1.1％。郑州铁路局的情况更加严峻。1998年国务院已批准郑州东为一类口岸站,如今,开通的二类口岸站已多达9个。可1998年完成的国际箱办理量,还不到全局集装箱运量的5.2％,1999年又下降了1.8个百分点。近年来,郑州局集装箱运量的递增速度保持在10％左右,而国际箱的年递增率却不到5％。2000年,铁道部已明确提出,国际集装箱运输要增长50％。因此,就如何推动我国铁路国际箱运输快速发展,发表几点意见。
1 Introduction China’s international container shipping started in the seventies. In 1998, the throughput of container ports nationwide reached 13 million TEU, an increase of nearly 130 times over that of 1981. Between 10% and 15% of these traffic volumes can be set up via the railways. However, only 3.9% of the traffic was completed by railways in 1989 and dropped to 1.1% by 1998. Zhengzhou Railway Bureau’s situation is even more severe. In 1998, the State Council approved Zhengzhou East as a type of port. Nowadays, there are as many as 9 second-class port terminals opened. The international container handling capacity that can be completed in 1998 is less than 5.2% of the global container traffic volume and dropped by 1.8% in 1999. In recent years, Zhengzhou container traffic growth rate maintained at about 10%, while the international box of the annual increment rate of less than 5%. In 2000, the Ministry of Railways has explicitly stated that international container shipping should grow by 50%. Therefore, on how to promote the rapid development of China’s international rail transport, made a few comments.