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目的:优选文蛤水溶性多糖的水提醇沉工艺,为该有效部位的保健品开发提供实验依据。方法:采用蒽酮-硫酸法测定水溶性多糖的含量,检测波长625 nm。以水溶性多糖转移率为指标,通过单因素试验考察提取溶剂p H及绞碎程度对文蛤水溶性多糖转移率的影响。以水溶性多糖转移率为指标,通过正交试验考察加水量、提取时间、提取次数对文蛤水溶性多糖水提工艺的影响。以水溶性多糖得率及质量分数的综合评分为指标,通过正交试验考察浓缩程度、醇沉浓度、醇沉时间对文蛤水溶性多糖醇沉工艺的影响。结果:文蛤水溶性多糖的最佳水提工艺为加3倍水煎煮3次,每次40 min,水提液浓缩至原料的1/2,加乙醇醇沉至体积分数达80%,醇沉12 h,抽滤,60℃减压干燥。文蛤水溶性多糖得率7.71%,质量分数42.53%。结论:优选的文蛤水溶性多糖水提醇沉工艺稳定可行,可兼顾该有效部位的得率和纯度,为该部位的研究与开发提供参考。
OBJECTIVE: To optimize the water extraction and alcohol precipitation of water-soluble polysaccharides of Clam, providing experimental basis for the development of health products of this effective part. Methods: Anthrone-sulfuric acid method was used to determine the content of water-soluble polysaccharides. The detection wavelength was 625 nm. The water-soluble polysaccharide transfer rate was used as an index to investigate the influence of extraction solvent p H and degree of ground protein on the water-soluble polysaccharide transfer rate of the black clam by single factor test. The water-soluble polysaccharide transfer rate as an indicator, through orthogonal test to investigate the amount of water, extraction time, extraction times on the water-soluble polysaccharide aqueous extract process. Based on the comprehensive score of water-soluble polysaccharide yield and mass fraction, the effects of concentration, alcohol concentration and alcohol deposition time on the water-soluble polysaccharide alcohol precipitation technology were investigated by orthogonal test. Results: The optimal water-extraction process of water-soluble polysaccharides was as follows: water was decocted 3 times for 3 times and each time was 40 minutes. The aqueous extract was concentrated to 1/2 of the raw material, ethanol was added and the volume fraction reached 80% Shen 12 h, suction filtration, dried under reduced pressure at 60 ℃. Clam water-soluble polysaccharide yield 7.71%, mass fraction of 42.53%. Conclusion: The optimum water-soluble alcohol polysaccharide water-soluble polysaccharide clam settling process is feasible and feasible, taking into account the yield and purity of the effective part of the site for the research and development to provide a reference.