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目的总结报告２８例食管平滑肌瘤的诊断和治疗经验。方法回顾性分析自１９７８～１９９６年间收治的２８例食管平滑肌瘤，其中单发者２７例，多发者１例。肿瘤位于食管胸上段４例，中段１８例，下段６例。右侧开胸手术２２例，左侧开胸手术６例。结果全组２８例患者均手术治愈，无术后并发症或死亡病例。结论食管钡餐造影是诊断食管平滑肌瘤的主要方法。纤维食管镜检查可为本病的术前诊断提供有力的诊断依据。本病临床上虽属良性，但一旦确诊应积极手术治疗。开胸行食管粘膜外肿瘤摘除加肌层修补术为操作简便、创伤小又安全的理想术式。
Objective To summarize and report the diagnosis and treatment experience of 28 cases of esophageal leiomyoma. Methods A retrospective analysis of 28 cases of esophageal leiomyomas treated from 1978 to 1996 was performed. There were 27 cases of single esophagus and 1 case of multiple esophageal leiomyomas. The tumors were located in the upper thoracic esophagus in 4 cases, in the middle 18 cases, and in the lower 6 cases. There were 22 cases of thoracotomy on the right side and 6 cases of thoracotomy on the left side. Results All the 28 patients in the whole group were cured by surgery and there were no postoperative complications or deaths. Conclusion Esophageal barium meal imaging is the main method for the diagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma. Fiberoptic esophagoscopy can provide a powerful diagnostic basis for preoperative diagnosis of this disease. Although this disease is clinically benign, it should be actively treated once diagnosed. Open thoracic esophageal extramucosal tumor removal and muscular repair is an ideal surgical technique that is simple, minimally invasive, and safe.