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目前在化学教学中存在这样一些普遍现象:学生宁信书本,不信实验;对教材上的化学概念、原理等知识顶礼膜拜,认为无丝毫错误。这种对教材过分迷信所造成的结果是学生批判性思维的缺失,创造能力的削弱。本文介绍一种正反合读书法,对培养学生的批判思维能力效果很好。正反合读书法分为三步。第一步是正读,正读要求学生完全同意教材上的知识和观点,并力求理解化学基本概念、原理、化学现象产生的原因及实验设计的优点等。第二步是反读,也就是对这些正读熟悉的知识千方百计找出其纰漏,学生可通过实验、已有的知识经验等
At present, there are some common phenomena in chemistry teaching: the students prefer the books, do not believe in experiments, and worship the knowledge of chemistry concepts and principles in the textbooks without any mistakes. This result of excessive superstition on the textbooks is the lack of critical thinking of students, weakening of creative ability. This article introduces a positive and negative reading method, to cultivate students’ ability of critical thinking is very good. Positive and negative reading method is divided into three steps. The first step is positive reading, positive reading requires students to fully agree with the textbook knowledge and ideas, and strive to understand the basic concepts of chemistry, principles, causes of chemical phenomena and the advantages of experimental design. The second step is anti-reading, that is, reading these familiar knowledge is trying to find out its flaws, students can experiment, the existing knowledge and experience