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目的了解恶性梗阻性黄疸患者根治性切除术后发生腹腔感染的高危因素,为采取针对性措施降低腹腔感染提供参考。方法回顾性收集406例接受根治性手术治疗的恶性梗阻性黄疸患者的资料,包括是否发生腹腔感染、一般临床资料、实验室检查结果、术中情况。结果术后54例患者(13.30%)发生腹腔感染。术前减黄、手术时间长(>5h)、前白蛋白变化率大(>0.29)、术后胆漏是恶性梗阻性黄疸患者根治性切除术后腹腔感染的高危因素(均P<0.05)。结论为降低恶性梗阻性黄疸患者根治性手术后腹腔感染发生率,护理人员需对采取减黄措施的患者重点护理避免逆行感染,密切观察前白蛋白水平、做好围术期饮食健康教育,熟悉手术过程、密切配合医生操作以缩短手术时间,以及术后及时观察识别胆漏的发生。
Objective To investigate the risk factors of abdominal infection after radical resection in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice and to provide reference for taking targeted measures to reduce abdominal infection. Methods The data of 406 patients with malignant obstructive jaundice undergoing radical surgery were retrospectively collected, including whether there was abdominal infection, general clinical data, laboratory test results and intraoperative conditions. Results After operation, 54 patients (13.30%) had abdominal infection. Preoperative yellow, long operation time (> 5h), pre-albumin rate of change (> 0.29), postoperative gallbladder leakage is malignant obstructive jaundice patients after radical resection of high risk factors for abdominal infection (all P <0.05) . Conclusion To reduce the incidence of postoperative abdominal infection in patients with malignant obstructive jaundice, nurses need to focus on nursing patients taking anti-yellowing measures to avoid retrograde infection, closely observe the prealbumin level, do well in perioperative dietary health education, familiar with Surgical procedures, in close cooperation with the doctor to shorten the operation time, and timely observation and identification of the occurrence of bile leakage.