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目的探讨青海省玉树地震灾区藏族伤员心理干预前与干预后的情绪变化效果分析。方法对25例我院收治的玉树地震灾区藏族伤员分别在心理干预前及干预后,即分别于入院前和入院第1、2、3、4周进行HAMA、HAMD评分。采用合理情绪疗法(Rational-Emotive Therapy,RET),每次10～15分钟,每天2次。其心理干预方法,以开放性询问开始,使用倾听技术,进行必需的释义,使咨询的问题具体化。同时加入影响性技术,给予解释、指导,并使其情感得以表达、内心世界自我开放,观察效果并进行评分。结果 25例藏族伤员干预前HAMA评分为(24.7±5.1),焦虑伤员共23例(92%),其中轻度焦虑15例(60%)、中度焦虑6例(24%)、重度焦虑2例(8%);HAMD评分为(18.9±1.5),抑郁伤员共22例(88%),轻度抑郁13例(52%)、中度抑郁8例(32%)、重度抑郁1例(4%)。干预后HAMA评分为(10.7±2.1)、HAMD评分为(10.6±2.0)。藏族伤员中HAMA、HAMD评分干预前呈正相关(r=-0.35,P<0.001),干预后评分正相关(r=0.29,P<0.001)。结论玉树灾区藏族伤员心理干预后焦虑、抑郁评分下降。
Objective To explore the effect of mood changes of Tibetan wounded before and after intervention in Yushu earthquake-stricken areas in Qinghai Province. Methods Twenty-five Tibetan patients admitted to Yushu earthquake-affected area were assessed with HAMA and HAMD respectively before and after psychological intervention, ie before admission and at the first, second, third and fourth admission. Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET) is used for 10 to 15 minutes twice daily. The psychological intervention method begins with an open inquiry and uses the listening technique to make the necessary interpretations to substantiate the counseling questions. At the same time add influential technology, to explain, guide, and to express their feelings, inner world self-opening, observe the effect and score. Results The HAMA scores of 25 Tibetan patients before intervention were (24.7 ± 5.1) and 23 (92%) were anxiety and wounded, among which mild anxiety was 15 (60%), moderate anxiety was 6 (24%), severe anxiety was 2 (8%), HAMD score was (18.9 ± 1.5), depression and wounded were 22 (88%), mild depression was 13 (52%), moderate depression was 8 (32% 4%). After intervention, HAMA score was (10.7 ± 2.1) and HAMD score was (10.6 ± 2.0). There was a positive correlation between HAMA and HAMD scores before intervention in Tibetan wounded (r = -0.35, P <0.001), and positive correlation was found after intervention (r = 0.29, P <0.001). Conclusions The scores of anxiety and depression of Tibetan patients in Yushu disaster area decreased after psychological intervention.