论文部分内容阅读
训诂学是我国传统的研究词义的一门学科,它有一套行之有效的解释词义的方法。根据前人和今人的归纳整理,训诂的方法有三种:一是以形索义;二是因声求义;三是据文证义。一、以形索义所谓以形索义,是指通过对汉字形体的分析,探求古人造字的意义,从而达到了解词的本义的目的。这种方法着重分析形体,所以又称为“形训”。汉字属于表意文字,早期的汉字是根据语言中词的意义来绘形的,因此有很大一部分汉字的形体和词义有密切的关系。训诂学家通过对字形的探讨,往往能求得词的本义或造字的基本意义。例如朋友的友字,小篆写作(?)。《说文》这样解释:“同志为友,从二又,相交友也。”“又”就是右手,两个“又”叠在一起表示握手。“从二又,相交友也”是对“友”字形体的解释,也是对“同志为友”的形象描绘。友字的本义从形体上得到了反映。又如“并”字,甲骨文作(?),象
Discipleship is a discipline of traditional Chinese research meaning, which has a set of effective ways to explain meaning. According to the predecessors and present people to sort out, there are three methods of exegesis: one is based on the meaning of justice; the second is due to sound; third is the evidence of justice. First, the form of meaning The so-called form of meaning, refers to the analysis of Chinese characters, to explore the meaning of the ancients made the word, so as to achieve the purpose of understanding the original meaning of the word. This method focuses on the analysis of the body, it is also known as “shape training ”. Chinese characters are ideographs. Early Chinese characters were shaped according to the meaning of the words in the language. Therefore, a large part of Chinese characters are closely related to meaning and meaning. By discussing the glyphs, the exegete learners often find the original meaning of the word or the basic meaning of the word. For example, a friend's friend word, Xiao Zhuo writing (?). “Said the text” to explain: “Comrade as a friend, from the second, making friends. ” “” “Is the right hand, two ” “And stacked handshake. ”From the second, make friends “ is the interpretation of ”Friends “ shape, but also to ”gay friends “ image depiction. The original meaning of the friend word is physically reflected. Another example is the ”and" word, Oracle made (?), Like