论文部分内容阅读
目的了解我国“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”试点地区2013年学校供水、学生饮水和洗手以及驱虫药服用情况,为改善农村学生健康状况提供基础数据。方法从699个试点县中选取50个县作为重点监测县,每个县按照学校食堂供餐、企业(单位)供餐和家庭(个人)托餐3种供餐模式中每种供餐模式选择2~3所学校,从小学一年级到初中三年级中,每个年级抽取1~2个班,达到40名学生左右,男、女生基本各半,采用“学校调查表”和“学生调查表”分别收集学校供水、学生饮水和洗手以及驱虫药服用情况。结果共调查15 763所学校和29 317名学生,其中为学生提供白开水的学校占58.5%,中部地区(62.7%)高于西部地区(56.1%),初中(66.1%)高于小学(55.6%),差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为,P值均<0.01);有17.8%学校的学生直接饮用自来水。每次饭前便后均洗手的学生占37.7%,小学生(40.5%)高于初中生(32.9%),中部地区学生(39.6%)略高于西部地区学生(35.6%),差异均有统计学意义(Z值分别为,P值均<0.01)。有13.6%的学校过去1 a内给学生发放过驱虫药。结论需要进一步加强学校各种健康相关的卫生辅助设施建设和辅助措施的实施,进一步改善农村学生健康状况提供基础。
Objectives To understand the water supply, water and hand washing of students in schools and the use of anthelmintics in pilot areas in China in the “Nutrition Improvement Program for Rural Compulsory Education Students” in 2013 to provide basic data for improving the health status of rural students. Methods Fifty counties from 699 pilot counties were selected as the key monitoring counties. Each county selected each of the three meal feeding modes according to school canteen feeding, business (unit) feeding and family (personal) feeding. 2 to 3 schools, from the first grade to the third grade of junior high school, each grade 1 to 2 classes, reaching about 40 students, half male and female basic, using “school survey” and “ Student Questionnaire ”Collect school water supply, student drinking and hand washing, and de-worming use. Results A total of 15 763 schools and 29 317 students were surveyed, of which 58.5% were students providing boiled water, 62.7% in the middle region, 56.1% in the western region, and 66.1% in the middle school compared with 55.6% ), The differences were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 values were, P values were <0.01); 17.8% of students in schools directly drinking tap water. 37.7% of the students wash their hands before and after meals, 40.5% of primary school students (32.9%), 30.6% of middle school students (35.6%), with statistical differences Significance (Z values were, P <0.01). 13.6% of schools have given students overdriven drugs in the past 1 year. Conclusion There is a need to further strengthen the implementation of various health-related health auxiliary facilities and supporting measures in schools and to further improve the health status of rural students.