论文部分内容阅读
本文在将心理学视为一门学科同时也是一种职业的前提下,超越各种具体条件和内容之上对心理学进行了总结。为此,考察了心理学在其发展中所体现的规律性,为了更好地表达,可以称之为从心理学历史所归纳出的“经验教训”。首先,从心理学作为一门科学的历史,可以总结出6条规律:1)心理学具有双重学科的地位。心理学既是一门科学,也是一门综合了生物学、社会学和文化学研究方法的“桥梁”学科;2)必须以实验学作为方法学的指南;3)基础研究和应用研究成果的整合利用;4)需要接受各方面的启发;5)全球化和本土化的相互补充;6)心理学在科学发展史中的学科力量。从将心理学视为一种职业来考察心理学发展史,还可以看到3条普遍的规律:1)职业化的快速发展;2)需要科学研究与实际应用之间的双向交流;3)跨学科专业知识的相互启发。
This article summarizes psychology above all kinds of concrete conditions and contents on the premise of considering psychology as a subject and a profession as well. To this end, we examine the regularity that psychology embodies in its development. To better express it, we can call it “lessons learned” from the history of psychology. First of all, from psychology as a scientific history, we can sum up six rules: 1) Psychology has dual disciplinary status. Psychology is both a science and a “bridge” subject that integrates biological, sociological, and cultural approaches; 2) a guideline that experimental science must be used as methodology; and 3) basic research and applied research results 4) Need to accept all aspects of inspiration; 5) Globalization and localization complement each other; 6) Psychology in the history of science disciplines. From the psychology as a career to examine the history of the development of psychology, but also can see three common rules: 1) the rapid development of professionalism; 2) the need for scientific research and practical application of the two-way communication; 3) Interdisciplinary Expertise Mutual Inspiration.