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对从国际水稻核心种质库中引进的315份水稻品种的5个穗部性状进行了全基因组关联分析,发现穗长和一次枝粳数受环境影响大,而粒长、粒宽和籽粒长宽比在不同环境下的变化较小。检测到与穗长、一次枝粳数、粒长、粒宽和籽粒长宽比显著关联的标记区域分别有7、5、10、8和6个,其中,粒型相关的11个区域和一次枝粳数相关的1个区域在两个环境中均被检测到。各品种携带的增效等位变异的个数与性状表型值呈显著线性相关。在所有关联位点中,香稻亚群(ARO)和热带粳稻(TRJ)亚群品种平均携带的增效等位变异数最多,最少的为温带粳稻(TEJ)亚群品种;我国水稻品种在其中6个关联位点上主要携带减效等位变异。筛选到具有30个以上增效等位变异的15份水稻种质,均属于TRJ亚群,来自11个不同国家。TRJ亚群品种在我国水稻高产、稳产育种中具有较高的应用价值,并讨论了利用TRJ亚群品种改良我国水稻穗部性状的方法。
Five panicle traits of 315 rice cultivars introduced from International Rice Core Collection were analyzed by genome-wide association. The results showed that the panicle length and the number of primary shoots were greatly affected by the environment, while grain length, grain width and grain length The aspect ratio changes less under different circumstances. There were 7, 5, 10, 8 and 6 marker regions which were significantly associated with ear length, primary branch number, grain length, grain width and grain length-width ratio, respectively, of which 11 were grain- One area related to branch number was detected in both environments. There was a significant linear correlation between the number of alleles alleles and the phenotypic value of phenotypic traits carried by each variety. Among all the related sites, the average number of alleles of allelopathic loci (ARO) and tropical japonica rice (TRJ) carried on average was the least among temperate japonica rice (TEJ) subgroups. The rice varieties in China Among them, 6 associated sites mainly carry allele loss alleles. Thirteen rice germplasm lines with more than 30 alleles of synergy were screened and all belong to the TRJ subgroup and come from 11 different countries. TRJ subgroup has high application value in high yielding and stable breeding of rice in our country, and discusses the method of using TRJ subgroup to improve the ear traits of rice in China.