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前言特殊是对一般而言。现在我们所见到的电子技术类教材中,列举的半导体器件一般都是半导体二极管、三极管、场效应管、TTL和MOS集成电路等。但随着半导体技术的发展和生产实际的需要,新型半导体器件不断出现,如恒流二极管(也称稳流二极管)、恒流三极管和恒流四极管,霍尔元件、霍尔开关集成电路,磁敏二极管,光耦合器,光控晶闸管,固态继电器以及热敏、气敏、温敏、湿敏半导体器件等等。我们把这些器件统称特殊半导体器件。它们的出现和开发应用,有的能简化原来的电子线路;有的能改善电路的性能,提高电路的可靠性;有的则在测试技术中显示出独特的优越性。现在它们已得到了广泛的应用,且用途越来越广。因此,对于我们从事电工和电子技术的同志来说,很有必要系统了解这些特殊半导体器件的工作原理、特性、参数和应用范围。从本期起将特殊半导体器件作为本讲座第二部分进行介绍。讲座各讲除对器件的一般工作原理、特性和参数作简要介绍外,主要通过应用实例和电路分析,从实用的角度出发,加深对特殊半导体器件的理解,以期读者能收到会应用、能开发的实际效果。
Preface is especially for the general. Now we see the electronic technology textbook, the list of semiconductor devices are usually semiconductor diodes, transistors, FETs, TTL and MOS integrated circuits. However, with the development of semiconductor technology and the actual production needs, new types of semiconductor devices are emerging, such as constant current diodes (also called constant current diodes), constant current transistors and constant current tetrodes, Hall elements, Hall switch ICs , Magnetic diodes, optocouplers, light control thyristors, solid state relays and thermal, gas, temperature sensitive, moisture sensitive semiconductor devices and so on. We refer to these devices as special semiconductor devices. Their emergence and development of applications, and some can simplify the original electronic circuit; some can improve the performance of the circuit to improve the reliability of the circuit; while others show a unique superiority in test technology. Now they have been widely used, and the use of more and more widely. Therefore, for those of us engaged in electrical and electronic technology comrades, it is necessary to systematically understand the working principle of these special semiconductor devices, characteristics, parameters and applications. Special semiconductor devices will be introduced as the second part of this lecture from this issue. In addition to a brief introduction to the general working principle, characteristics and parameters of the device, the lectures will be mainly applied examples and circuit analysis, from a practical point of view, to deepen the understanding of special semiconductor devices, readers will receive the application will be able to Development of the actual results.