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构建和谐社会的首要任务是化解社会矛盾,而社会矛盾的本质与根源是制度矛盾。只有从制度关系着眼才能明确把握社会矛盾的发生与演化,也只有从协调制度关系并且用制度安排来协调社会矛盾,才能从根本上形成持续稳定的社会秩序。当代中国社会理性化的正式制度同感性化的非正式制度之间的矛盾,是广泛存在且难以协调和化解的社会矛盾。中国传统社会用重亲情伦理、重仪式教化的思维方式,认同并确立了一套感性化的礼俗制度,实现了正式制度与非正式制度的融合,维持了中国古代社会结构的超常稳定。在新的历史条件下构建和谐社会,既要重视作为文化传统存在的各种非正式制度的作用,也要借鉴中国古代社会以感性化方式实现制度协调、社会稳定的宝贵经验。
The primary task of building a harmonious society is to resolve social conflicts, and the nature and causes of social conflicts are institutional contradictions. Only from the perspective of institutional relations can we clearly grasp the occurrence and evolution of social contradictions. Only by coordinating institutional relations and coordinating social conflicts with institutional arrangements can we form a sustained and stable social order. The contradictions between the formal system of social rationalization in China and the informal system of sensibility are the social conflicts that exist extensively and are difficult to coordinate and resolve. In the traditional Chinese society, with heavy kinship ethics and heavy ritual enlightenment mode of thinking, it has approved and established a set of perceptual system of etiquettes and customs, realized the integration of formal system and informal system, and maintained the extraordinary stability of ancient Chinese social structure. Constructing a harmonious society under the new historical conditions not only stresses the role of various informal institutions that exist as cultural traditions, but also draws on the valuable experience of ancient Chinese society that institutionalized coordination and social stability through sensualization.