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人类生活所需的滋养料,大多数是间接从大地上取得,因此不得不有如何还诸大地的问题。吾国农民利用人粪为肥料,就是这样的一个例子。可是在人口众多的城市,人的粪便因多量而发生处置的困难,于是乎有利用地下沟渠,输送到远离城市的地点,放弃于河海或荒地;如不设法处置,便成为卫生上严重问题。科学家与工程师对于如何处置人们生活所产生的粪便与垃圾,曾贡献不少办法。大城市往往可以设厂处理粪便,达到废物利用的目标;但村镇或小城市不值得下巨大资本,做巨大的工程,所以我们常注意寻求一个简单经济,易于实行而稳妥的方法,来解决这个问题。
Most of the nourishing materials needed for human life are obtained indirectly from the earth, so there are problems that have to be solved. My country’s peasants use manure as fertilizer, is one such example. However, in a large population of cities, man-made excrement is difficult to dispose of due to a large quantity. As a result, underground ditches are transported to places far away from cities and abandoned to rivers and lakes or wasteland. If they are not managed, they become serious health problems . Scientists and engineers have contributed a lot to how to dispose of manure and rubbish generated by people’s lives. Large cities can often dispose of their excrement and reach the goal of waste utilization. However, towns and small cities are not worth huge capital and do huge projects. Therefore, we often look for a simple, economical and easy-to-implement method to solve this problem problem.