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一、概述 计算机网络不同于远程多用户系统,也不同于具有通讯功能的计算机多机系统。计算机网络是在共用通道上实现软件规程的虚拟通讯和物理链路的实在通讯的一种计算机化通讯体系结构。 自1981年国际标准化组织(ISO)提出开放系统互连(OSI)的七层参考模型以来,网络结构的标准化已成为网络技术应用和产品开发必然遵守的规范。 图一是ISO/OSI七层参考模型及层间通讯的模式表述。
I. Overview Computer network is different from the remote multi-user system, but also different from the computer with a communication function of multi-machine system. A computer network is a computerized communication architecture that realizes the communication of virtual software and physical links on a shared channel with software protocols. Since the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) proposed a seven-layer Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) reference model in 1981, the standardization of network structure has become the norm that network technology applications and product development must follow. Figure 1 is a seven-layer ISO / OSI reference model and inter-layer communication model.