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【目的】探讨小麦纤维素联合枯草杆菌二联活菌治疗儿童功能性便秘（functional constipation ，FC）的临床疗效。【方法】选取85例门诊FC患儿，随机分为观察组（42例）和对照组（43例）。对照组早晚口服枯草杆菌二联活菌颗粒，观察组在对照组基础上加用小麦纤维素颗粒早晚口服，均以7d为1个疗程，连续治疗3个疗程，观察两组近期临床疗效及显效患儿随访3个月内的复发率。【结果】治疗结束时，观察组显效率显著优于对照组（92．86％ v s 69．77％）（χ2＝7．43， P ＜0．01），但两组总有效率无统计学差异（100％ v s 97．67％）（χ2＝0．97，P＞0．05）；观察组显效患儿随访3个月内的复发率显著低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（2．56％ vs 16．67％）（χ2＝4．24，P＜0．05）。【结论】小麦纤维素联合枯草杆菌二联活菌治疗FC临床疗效确切，在显著改善患儿便秘症状的同时降低了复发率，值得临床推广应用。“,”[Objective] To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of wheat cellulose plus bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium in the treatment of functional constipation (FC) in children .[Methods] A total of 85 children with FC were randomly divided into treatment (n=42) and control (n=43) groups .The treatment group received bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium cellulose particles and wheat cellulose while the control group had bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium cellulose particles alone .Both groups received 3 continuous courses of 7 days each .The recent clinical efficacy ,safety and recurrence rate were observed for 3 months .[Results] At the end of treatment ,the number of marked improvement was significantly more in treatment group than that that in control group (χ2 =7 .43 ,P0 .05) .And no statistically significant difference existed in safety (χ2 =2 .01 ,P>0 .05) .The inter‐group difference was statistically significant in recurrence rate after a 3‐month fol‐low‐up (χ2 =4 .24 ,P <0 .05) .[Conclusion]Wheat cellulose plus bacillus subtilis duplex living bacterium can significantly improve the constipation symptoms and reduce the recurrence rate in children with FC .With a definite efficacy ,such a regimen is worthy of wider clinical popularization .