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嘌呤受体P2X家族是三磷酸腺苷(ATP)门控的选择性阳离子通道,对Na~+,K~+,Ca~(2+)都有通透性。与其他离子型配体门控通道受体相区别的是,P2X_7受体兼具“离子通道”和“孔道”功能。许多先前的研究证明了P2X_7受体(P2X7Rs)在不同的病理条件下有多种功能,包括参与机体免疫反应、神经递质释放、氧化应激及细胞增殖和凋亡等,可以作为用于治疗一系列疾病的靶点。尤其是最近的研究探讨了P2X_7受体在纤维化中的作用,而纤维化是大多数慢性炎症疾病的病理结果。作者主要探讨P2X_7受体的生物学特性和总结P2X_7受体引发器官例如肺、肾脏、肝脏、胰腺和心肌广泛纤维化中假定的角色作用。
The P2X family of purinergic receptors is a cation-selective cation channel for adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is permeable to Na ~ +, K ~ + and Ca ~ (2+). Unlike other ionic ligand-gated channel receptors, the P2X_7 receptor combines both ion channels and pore functions. Many previous studies have demonstrated that P2X_7 receptor (P2X7Rs) has multiple functions under different pathological conditions including involvement in immune responses, neurotransmitter release, oxidative stress and cell proliferation and apoptosis, A series of disease targets. In particular, recent studies have investigated the role of P2X_7 receptors in fibrosis, which is the pathological result of most chronic inflammatory diseases. The authors primarily explore the biological properties of P2X_7 receptors and summarize the putative role of the P2X_7 receptor in triggering extensive fibrosis in organs such as lung, kidney, liver, pancreas and myocardium.