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肾脏的主要功能是分泌尿液,排出代谢废物。当血液流经肾小球时,除血细胞及大分子蛋白质外,其余成份都可以滤入肾小球囊内,形成原尿。成人每昼夜滤过的原尿约150～200升,肾小球滤过作用是靠有效滤过压来推动的。肾小管将原尿中的某些物质重新吸收入血液,肾小管的吸收是根据人体的需要,具有选择性的,近曲小管具有最重要的重吸收机能,机体所需要的大部分重要的生理物质均在此段重吸
The main function of the kidneys is to excrete urine and excrete metabolic waste. When the blood flows through the glomerulus, in addition to blood cells and macromolecular proteins, the remaining components can be filtered into the glomerular capsule, the formation of the original urine. Urine about 150 ~ 200 liters of filtered urine per day and night, glomerular filtration is driven by effective filtration pressure. Tubules will be some of the original urine reabsorbed into the blood, the absorption of tubules is based on the needs of the human body, selective, proximal tubule has the most important resorption function, the body needs most of the important physiological Materials are re-absorption in this period