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目的描述2009年保山市甲型H1N1流感暴发的流行病学特征,为制定甲型H1N1流感防控措施提供参考。方法采用中国卫生部下发的调查问卷对2009年保山市甲型H1N1流感各暴发点的所有病例进行面对面流行病学调查,采用描述性流行病学方法对这些流感病例资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2009年9月12日出现首例甲型H1N1流感病例至12月31日,保山市累计报告甲型H1N1流感病例68例,重症病例2例,无死亡病例。最初的病例可能为输入性病例感染所致。研究期间每月均有病例报告,其中以12月最多,共报告36例,占52.9%;地区分布以隆阳区最多,共52例,占76.5%;发病人群分布以学生为主,共56例,占82.35%,5~19岁年龄组55例,占80.88%,男女性别比为1.43:1。主要临床症状为发热(81%)、咳嗽(45%)、咽痛(30%)、畏寒(30%)、肌肉酸痛(27%),其它症状主要涉及头疼、乏力、鼻塞、流涕。结论保山市首发甲型H1N1流感病例为输入性病例感染所致,高发于青少年学生,今后应抓好学校内的甲型H1N1流感的防控工作,做到早发现、早诊断、早隔离、早治疗。
Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of Influenza A (H1N1) outbreaks in Baoshan City in 2009 and provide reference for the development of influenza A (H1N1) influenza prevention and control measures. Methods The questionnaires issued by the Ministry of Health of China conducted a face-to-face epidemiological investigation on all the outbreaks of Influenza A (H1N1) in 2009 in Baoshan, and analyzed the epidemiological data of these cases by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results The first case of Influenza A (H1N1) was reported on September 12, 2009. As of December 31, a total of 68 cases of Influenza A (H1N1) were reported in Baoshan, two cases of severe illness and no deaths. The initial cases may be caused by imported cases of infection. There were monthly reports of cases during the study period, of which 36 cases were the most in December, accounting for 52.9%; the most area was in Longyang District, with a total of 52 cases (76.5%); the distribution of students was mainly students Cases, accounting for 82.35%, 5 to 19 age group 55 cases, accounting for 80.88%, male to female ratio was 1.43: 1. The main clinical symptoms were fever (81%), cough (45%), sore throat (30%), chills (30%) and muscle soreness (27%). Other symptoms were mainly headache, fatigue, stuffy nose, runny nose. Conclusion The first case of Influenza A (H1N1) infection in Baoshan City was caused by imported cases and was highly prevalent among young students. In the future, prevention and control of Influenza A (H1N1) in schools should be well done so that early detection, early diagnosis, early isolation and early treatment.