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目的:探讨在肥胖、糖尿病过程中大鼠肝脏形态结构的变化。方法:Wistar雄性大鼠,随机分为:普通饮食组,高脂饮食组,高脂饮食+链脲佐菌素组。第0周随机抽取6只大鼠处死后取肝脏进行石蜡包埋,HE染色,制成切片。在饲养过程中选取不同时间点,各组随机处死2只大鼠,取肝脏进行石蜡包埋,HE染色,切片,镜下观察,比较各组差异。结果:与对照组相比,肥胖组大鼠肝脏组织中脂肪细胞数目增多、体积变大,随肥胖程度的增加而加剧,导致肝发生中、重度脂肪变性。肝细胞肿胀,肝窦间隙变窄,可见炎性细胞浸润增多,凋亡细胞增多。糖尿病组大鼠,肝脏组织中脂滴形成,出现大的脂囊。肝细胞出现细胞核固缩,凋亡细胞增多,有炎性细胞浸润,以淋巴细胞为主,未见巨噬细胞增多。血管壁硬化、玻璃样变性。结论:在肥胖/糖尿病发生、发展过中,大鼠肝脏中有脂肪的异位储存(肝脂肪样变性),并伴随有炎性细胞的浸润。
Objective: To investigate the morphological changes of rat liver during obesity and diabetes mellitus. Methods: Wistar male rats were randomly divided into: normal diet group, high fat diet group, high fat diet + streptozotocin group. At week 0, 6 rats were randomly selected and sacrificed. The liver was paraffin-embedded and stained with HE. During feeding, different time points were selected. Two rats were randomly sacrificed in each group. The liver was paraffin-embedded, stained with HE, sliced and observed under microscope. The differences among groups were compared. Results: Compared with the control group, the number of adipocytes in the liver tissue of obese rats increased, the volume became larger, and aggravated with the increase of the degree of obesity, resulting in the occurrence of severe fatty degeneration in the liver. Hepatocyte swelling, narrowing of hepatic sinusoids, showing increased inflammatory cell infiltration, apoptotic cells increased. Diabetic rats, lipid droplets in the liver tissue, the emergence of large fat capsule. Hepatocyte nuclear condensation, increased apoptotic cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, mainly lymphocytes, no increase in macrophages. Wall hardening, glassy degeneration. CONCLUSIONS: During the development of obesity / diabetes mellitus, there is ectopic storage of hepatic steatosis (hepatic steatosis) in rat livers accompanied by inflammatory cell infiltration.