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目的监测2016年湛江市养殖用水中铜、锌、砷、镉、汞、铅6种重金属的含量。方法采用原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法对湛江市出口水产生产企业备案养殖场20个站点养殖水中的重金属进行实时监测。结果铜含量变化范围≤6.480μg/L,锌含量变化范围0.692~6.412μg/L,砷含量变化范围≤5.547μg/L,镉含量变化范围≤1.265μg/L,汞含量变化范围≤0.487μg/L,铅含量变化范围≤1.753μg/L。通过单因素污染指数分析得出,各重金属的污染程度为:汞>铜>铅>锌>镉>砷。且污染程度最高的汞仅在雷州2个养殖区和廉江1个养殖区有所反映。通过综合污染指数分析得出,除雷州、廉江各1个养殖区受轻度污染外,其余均良好。结论本研究所监测重金属项目符合GB 11607-89《渔业水质标准》,说明其卫生质量良好,同时各养殖场要留意对汞的监测。
Objective To monitor the contents of six heavy metals such as copper, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead in aquaculture water in Zhanjiang City in 2016. Methods The atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and atomic fluorescence spectrometry (FAAS) were used to monitor the heavy metals in aquaculture water of Zhanjiang export aquaculture production enterprises for record in 20 sites. Results The range of copper content was ≤6.480μg / L, the range of zinc content was 0.692 ~ 6.412μg / L, the range of arsenic content was ≤5.547μg / L, the range of cadmium content was ≤1.265μg / L, the range of mercury content was ≤0.487μg / L, lead content range of ≤ 1.753μg / L. According to the single factor pollution index analysis, the pollution levels of heavy metals were: mercury> copper> lead> zinc> cadmium> arsenic. And the most polluting mercury is only reflected in two farming areas of Leizhou and one breeding area of Lianjiang. Through the comprehensive pollution index analysis, except Leizhou, Lianjiang each of a farming area by mild pollution, the rest are good. Conclusion The heavy metal projects monitored in this study are in line with the “Fisheries Water Quality Standard” in GB 11607-89, which shows that the quality of their sanitation is good. At the same time, all farms should pay attention to the monitoring of mercury.