论文部分内容阅读
东亚造山运动与花岗岩分布之情形,似非漫无规则,其发生显有一定之次序。在西伯利亚中部所谓东亚之核心,为前寒武纪褶绉及花岗片麻岩分布之区。其西南,正南及东南,如阿尔泰、天山、崐仑、外贝加利亚、阿穆等区域,主要造山运动之发生及花岗岩岩浆之侵入为古生代。围绕其外者如苏联之滨海省、朝鲜、中国之大部、缅甸东部、暹逻、马来亚、东印度群岛中部等处均将燕山运动及燕山花岗岩分布区域。复外则为新生代造山运动及花岗岩区域,如喜马拉亚山、缅西山脉、安得曼、东印度群岛之西南、南、东南部、菲律滨、台湾、琉球、日本、库页岛、堪察加半岛等,其中许多岛屿,造山运动及火山活动尚在继续未已(第一图)。苏伊氏(Suess)尝论东亚造山运动之主力导源于东亚核心之扩张,以致造成许多弧形山脉,弧背均向南,显示大陆向南移动。威理士则以篇东亚核心为一种隋性体,不能发生造山运动之主力,造山运动之发生则由于太平洋底之下沉,而使地壳深处之流动带物质挤向大陆,遇东亚核心之阻,遂在深处聚积一种应力,及至超过其上岩层之静压力时,地壳失去平衡状态,发生褶绉,同时花岗岩岩浆亦得上升。威氏之理论,似较合理。且当古生代时,核心之前为一大地槽区,宜於造山运动之发生及岩浆之侵入,嗣后花岗岩基凝固,遂与核心合并,成一较大陆地。迨至中生代,太平洋底继续下沉,深处物质复受挤压向大陆流动,遂有燕山运动及花岗岩侵入区,分布於古生代花岗岩区外围,东亚大陆因即形成。新生代时,因太平洋底继续下沉,复有造山运动与岩将侵入带出现旅中生代大陆之外。至於大陆地表向南弧形,或由地壳深处向大陆流动时地表发生之反动力所造成。安南似属于另一单位,其东南可能为一前寒武纪之古大陆,因印度洋底下沉,遂有古生代造山运动及花岗岩之侵入。
East Asian orogeny and granite distribution of the situation, it seems non-random, the occurrence of a certain order. The so-called core of East Asia in central Siberia is the area where Precambrian pleats and granitic gneiss are distributed. Its southwest, southeastern and southeast, such as Altai, Tianshan, Kunlun, outside the Beguria, Amu and other regions, the main orogenic movement and granite magma intrusion for the Paleozoic. The Yanshan movement and the Yanshan granite distribution area are surrounded by its outsiders such as the coastal provinces of the Soviet Union, North Korea, most of China, eastern Burma, Siam, Malaya, central East Indies and so on. Fuwai is the Cenozoic orogenic movement and granite area, such as the Himalayas, the Moxi Mountains, Andhra Pradesh, the East Indies southwest, south, southeast, the Philippines, Taiwan, Ryukyu, Japan, library page Islands, the Kamchatka Peninsula and many others. Many of these islands, orogeny and volcanic activity are still going unresolved (figure 1). The main reason Suess tried to talk about the East Asian orogeny stems from the expansion of the core of East Asia, resulting in many arc-shaped mountains with arc back facing south, showing the mainland moving southward. Wells, however, uses the core of East Asia as an inert body and can not be the main force of orogenic movement. The orogeny is due to the subsidence of the Pacific Ocean, causing the flow band material in the depths of the crust to squeeze into the continent and meets the core of East Asia Resistance, then accumulate a stress in the depths, until it exceeds the static pressure on the rock, the crust is out of balance, the occurrence of folds, granite magma also increased. Wei’s theory, it seems more reasonable. And when the Paleozoic, the core before a large trough area, suitable for the occurrence of orogeny and magma intrusion, and later solidified granite base, then merge with the core, into a larger land. From the Mesozoic to the Mesozoic, the bottom of the Pacific Ocean continued to sink and the deep reefs of matter pressed and flowed to the mainland. There were then the Yanshan movement and the granite intrusion zone, which were distributed on the periphery of the Paleozoic granite area, forming in the East Asian continent. During the Cenozoic, due to the continued sinking of the bottom of the Pacific Ocean and the reincarnation of orogenic belt and rock intrusion zone, the Mesozoic Era has emerged. As a result of the reaction of the Earth’s surface to the south, or to the ground surface when it flows from the depths of the crust to the mainland. Annan seems to belong to another unit, the southeastern may be a Precambrian ancient continent, due to the Indian Ocean subsidence, then Paleozoic orogeny and granite intrusion.