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目的了解我国医院放射工作人员管理水平和现状。方法采用典型抽样方法,从全国南部、东北部和西部地区共抽取7个省158家医院的2 756名放射工作人员为调查对象进行问卷调查。结果医院放射工作人员中男性占68.3%;专科及以下学历人员占52.8%;透视检查和X射线摄影检查放射工作人员中分别有14.7%、7.3%采取非隔室操作;64.2%放射工作人员配备了个人防护用品,43.2%的放射工作人员经常使用个人防护用品;省级医院CT检查、放射治疗、介入治疗和核医学诊疗科目的工作量较大;放射工作人员上岗前及在岗期间放射防护知识与法律法规培训率分别为65.9%和75.1%,放射工作人员证的总体持有率为76.3%,西部地区的培训率与持证率均低于南部和东北部地区(P<0.001);放射工作人员个人剂量监测率为62.8%,西部地区和镇级医院的个人剂量监测率最低(P<0.001);上岗前与在岗期间职业健康检查率为63.4%、75.7%,西部地区和镇级医院的最低(P<0.001);41.1%的放射工作人员依据法规享受2～4周保健休假。结论不同地区、不同级别医院的放射工作人员健康管理水平有较大差距,需要进一步提高西部地区和镇级医院放射工作人员的健康管理水平。
Objective To understand the management level and current status of radiation workers in our hospital. Methods A total of 2 756 radiation workers from 158 hospitals in 7 provinces in the southern, northeastern and western regions of China were surveyed by means of a typical sampling method. Results Among them, 68.3% were male radiation workers, 52.8% were junior college and below, 14.7% were radiographers and 7.3% were radiographers, and 64.2% were radiometric staffs Personal protective equipment, 43.2% of radiation workers often use personal protective equipment; provincial hospital CT examination, radiotherapy, interventional treatment and nuclear medicine subjects greater workload; Radiological staff pre-job and on-the-job knowledge of radiation protection And the training rates of laws and regulations were 65.9% and 75.1% respectively. The overall holding rate of radiological staff certificates was 76.3%. The training rate and certification rate of western regions were lower than those in the southern and northeastern regions (P <0.001) The personal dose monitoring rate of staff was 62.8%, and the lowest rate of individual dose monitoring in western region and township hospitals (P <0.001). The occupational health examination rates before and during their posts were 63.4% and 75.7% respectively. The western region and township hospitals (P <0.001). 41.1% of radiological staffs enjoy 2 to 4 weeks’ health leave according to the regulations. Conclusion There is a big gap between the health management level of radiation workers in different levels and hospitals and the need to further improve the health management level of radiological workers in western hospitals and township hospitals.