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体外冲击波碎石技术采用X线或B超定位系统确定结石的位置，然后通过脉冲压力波经传导递质来碎裂结石。该技术在肾、胆结石的治疗上具有显著的效果，粉碎结石率很高，以致结石病人无需切口即能将结石排除，从而减轻了病人的痛苦和手术的复杂程度。本文首先论述体外冲击波碎石机的结构和工作原理，特别是冲击波的产生和碎石的原理；然后论述冲击波碎石技术在泌尿结石和胆系结石治疗中的体外冲击波碎石技术的临床应用，开创了人类医学史上非手术治疗泌尿系统结石、胆系结石的新纪元，它现已成为临床常规的医疗手段。本文介绍了体外冲击波碎石术的原理、结构、临床应用和发展近况。
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy uses X-ray or B-ultrasonic positioning system to determine the location of stones, and then breaks the stones by pulsed pressure waves through the conductive transmitter. The technique has significant effects in the treatment of kidney and gallstones. The rate of comminution of stones is so high that stones can be eliminated without incisions, thereby reducing the patient’s pain and the complexity of the operation. This paper first discusses the structure and working principle of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter, especially the generation of shock wave and the principle of gravel. Then it discusses the clinical application of shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of urinary stones and gallstones. It has created a new era of non-surgical treatment of urinary calculi and biliary stones in the history of human medicine. It has now become a clinical routine medical treatment. This article describes the principle, structure, clinical application and development status of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.