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由“差一点”构成的“差一点+(没)VP”句式,其形式和意义的对应关系比较复杂微妙,一直受到语法学者的关注。陆俭明、沈阳在《汉语和汉语语法研究十五讲》中谈到了该句式如何分化的问题,文中引用了朱德熙的企望说来解释。但该文未能从根本上解释为什么肯定形式所表示的意义是单一的,而否定形式所表示的意义是歧义的,而且完全归结为企望似乎也难以自圆其说。本文通过分析“差一点”在否定形式下的语义指向来说明歧义原因,并通过变换分析和语音分析,对歧义的分化作了一些探索,且最终通过对大量中国各历史时期书面语语料的统计发现了该句式由产生至今的发展规律。
The “less” + “(none) VP ” pattern formed by “almost ” has a complicated and delicate relationship between its form and meaning and has always been paid attention to by grammatical scholars. Lu Jianming and Shenyang talked about the issue of how to divide the sentence in “The 15th Research on Grammar of Chinese and Chinese”, which is quoted by Zhu Dexi’s hope. However, the article fails to explain why the affirmative expression of meaning is singular and the negative expression of meaning is ambiguous, and it seems that it is too difficult for it to be justified. This paper illustrates the reasons of ambiguity by analyzing the semantic orientation of “Almost ” in the negative form, and makes some exploration on the differentiation of ambiguity through transformation analysis and phonetic analysis. Finally, Statistics found that the sentence from the development of the law so far.