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历法是人们对年、月、节气、日等时间单位的科学编排和有序组织。历史上,世界各地曾产生过多种不同的历法,但其基本原理不外乎3种,即太阴历(阴历)、太阳历(阳历)和阴阳历。目前,世界上通用的公历(即格里历)实际上为一种太阳历;而我国传统历法——农历(民间又称作古历、旧历或夏历),兼有太阴历和太阳历的特点,它严格地以朔望月周期为历月长度的基础,以回归年长度为历年的基础,兼有阴历月和阳历年的性质,实际上是一种阴阳历。农历把日月合朔的日期定为月首,即初一。朔望月的平均长度约为29.53059天,故历月的长度有29天(小月)和
The calendar is the scientific arrangement and orderly organization of time units such as year, month, solar term, and day. Historically, there have been many different calendars around the world, but the basic principles are nothing more than three kinds: the lunar calendar, the solar calendar, and the lunisolar calendar. At present, the universal Gregorian calendar in the world (that is, the Gregorian calendar) is actually a solar calendar; and the traditional calendar of our country—the lunar calendar (the folk is also known as the ancient calendar, the old calendar, or the summer calendar), has the characteristics of both the lunar calendar and the solar calendar. It strictly uses the lunar month cycle as the basis of the length of the calendar month, and the length of the return year as the basis of the calendar year. It also has the nature of the lunar calendar month and the Gregorian calendar year. It is actually a yin and yang calendar. The lunar calendar sets the date of the sun and moon as the beginning of the month, that is, the first day. The average length of the lunar month is approximately 29.53059 days, so the length of the calendar month is 29 days (small month) and