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我们就上海地区收集的材料,对中国人的枕骨大孔及其邻近的结构作了一些观察,择要如下: 1.枕骨大孔呈现六种不同的形状: (1)卵圆形 (2)菱形 (3)椭圆形 (4)圆形 (5)蕈形 (6)六角形比Martin氏所报导的四种形式多后两种。 2.髁后管的出现率与陆氏所得之结果大致相同,与Wood-Jones的材料相差也不大。但发现髁后管的前端有时不开口于乙状沟,而通到颈静脉孔。 3.关于枕骨大孔前缘一带出现的骨突,我们根据位置的不同分为三类: (1)枕前棘 (2)髁前结节 (3)斜坡后棘 4.通过整套骨骼检查,以及实地解剖的观察,我们认为这些骨突的出现,可能是由于韧带的牵引及骨化,而与鸟类和爬虫类的第三髁,并非同源结构。
We have made some observations on the Chinese foramen magnum and its neighboring structures based on the materials collected in Shanghai. The options are as follows: 1. The foramen magnum presents six different shapes: (1) Oval (2) Diamonds (3) Ovals (4) Rounds (5) Mushroom-shaped (6) Hexagons Two more than the four forms reported by Martin’s. 2. The incidence of posterior condyles is similar to that of Lu’s, with little difference from Wood-Jones’s material. But found that the posterior condylar tube sometimes not open in the sigmoid groove, and open to the jugular foramen. 3. About the frontal bone around the foramen magnum appears in the bone, we divided according to the location of the different types of three categories: (1) before the pillow (2) condyle before the nodules (3) after the spine slope 4. Through the entire set of bone examination, And the observation of the anatomy on the spot, we think that the occurrence of these osteoporosis may be due to traction and ossification of the ligaments, but not homologous structures with the third condyle of birds and reptiles.