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神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)为神经系统最为重要的神经营养因子之一。在眼科方面,NGF对视网膜神经节细胞的存活及视神经纤维的再生起着极其重要的作用,而高原低氧环境可抑制NGF在视网膜中的表达,影响视网膜修复。本文就NGF及其受体在视网膜的表达、对视网膜的保护作用、高原眼底病以及高原环境下NGF的视网膜表达特征作一综述,并讨论NGF在高原眼底病治疗中的应用前景。
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is one of the most important neurotrophic factors in the nervous system. In the field of ophthalmology, NGF plays an extremely important role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells and the regeneration of optic nerve fibers, while the plateau hypoxic environment can inhibit the expression of NGF in the retina and affect the retinal repair. This review summarizes the expression of NGF and its receptor in the retina, the protective effect on the retina, the ocular fundus disease in the plateau and the retinal expression characteristics of NGF in the plateau environment, and discusses the application prospect of NGF in the treatment of plateau fundus disease.