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目的通过调查1起幼托机构手足口病暴发疫情,分析疫情暴发的原因、流行特征、控制效果和存在的问题,探讨有效的预防和控制措施,为今后的防治工作积累经验。方法采用统一的《手足口病个案调查表》对上海市宝山区某幼托机构患病儿童进行现场流行病学调查,对部分具有典型症状的患病儿童采集标本,收集数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果病例主要集中于2个班级;男性略高于女性;疫情全程呈现双峰型。2012年5月8日、5月14日为发病高峰;2例病例病毒核酸检测结果为EV71阳性,其中1例判定为重症病例。结论手足口病是一种由多种肠道病毒引起的常见传染病,好发于学龄前儿童,容易在幼托机构出现流行甚至暴发。针对传染病控制的三环节采取及时、有针对性的预防控制措施,可以有效控制该病的蔓延。
Objective To investigate the causes, epidemic characteristics, control effects and existing problems of outbreaks of hand-foot-mouth disease in kindergartens, and to explore effective preventive and control measures to gain experience for future prevention and treatment work. Methods An epidemiological investigation was conducted on a case-control study of a hand-foot-mouth disease in a Baotou district of Shanghai. Specimens collected from children with typical symptoms were collected and collected for descriptive epidemics Analysis. Results The cases mainly concentrated in two classes; the male was slightly higher than the female; the whole epidemic showed a bimodal pattern. May 8, 2012, May 14 peak incidence; 2 cases of viral nucleic acid test results were EV71 positive, of which 1 case was judged as severe cases. Conclusion HFMD is a common infectious disease caused by various enteroviruses. It occurs predominantly in preschool children and tends to be epidemic or even outbreak in kindergartens. For the three links of infectious disease control to take timely and targeted prevention and control measures that can effectively control the spread of the disease.